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On one side of the coin, the reason youβre training β improving your performance, your fitness, your speed, your ability to run further for longer.
On the other, the impact of your workouts β fatigue, muscle soreness, dehydration, injury risk β¦ the list could go on.
How can a single Training Load Score (per workout) fully model training load β both the shorter-term impacts and the longer-term improvements?
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Research into the impacts of training has resulted in various models:
Rowbottom proposed a Stimulus, Fatigue, Recovery, Adaptation model, sometimes referred to as the supercompensation model Banister proposed an Impulse-Response model, popularised in the TRIMP metric based on Heart Rate measurements Allen, Coggan and McGregor adapted the Impulse-Response model for use with power, encapsulating it in the Performance Manager model.
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The model has the following components:
1. A Training Load Score, which the model calls a Training Stress Score (TSS)
2. An Acute Training Load (ATL), modelling shorter-term impacts
3. A Chronic Training Load (CTL), modelling longer-term adaptations
4. A Training Load Balance, which the model calls a Training Stress Balance (TSB), representing the balance between ATL and CTL
The Performance Manager model uses π¦ππ’π Training Load Scores to calculate personal training metrics that indicate whether π¦ππ’π training is productive β not too much, not too little, just right for you.
And with the two different load metrics (ATL and CTL), the model includes both the shorter-term impacts and the longer-term improvements.
You may have encountered ATL and CTL already (without knowing it) – they have equivalents in other models:
πΉ ATL is known as ‘7d avg’ in Stryd’s model, and ‘fatigue’ in heartrate-based models
πΉ CTL is known as ’42d avg’ in Stryd’s model, and ‘fitness’ in heartrate-based models
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β Questions?
π Getting Started
For more information on the models, see:
πΉ Rowbottom, D.J., (2000), in Garrett, W.E., Kirkendall, D.T., (eds.). Periodization of Training. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
πΉ Calvert, T.W., Banister, E.W., Savage, M.V., Bach, T., (1976) A Systems Model of the Effects of Training on Physical Performance
πΉ Allen, H., Coggan, A. & McGregor, S. (2019) Training+Racing with a Power Meter, 3rd Edition (pp. 158-160). Boulder: Velopress.
πΉ The Science of the TrainingPeaks Performance Manager on the TrainingPeaks website
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β© What is Training Load?
β© Training Load – a two-sided coin!
β© Achieving a Training Load Balance
β© The danger of ramping up too quickly
β© Race-specific training